Principles for Communicating with Persons with Disabilities

1. RELAX: Treat people with respect and consideration. Do not be embarrassed to use common expressions such as “See you later” or “Did you hear about.”

2. Speak directly to the person rather than through a companion or sign language interpreter who may be present.

3. When introduced to a person with a disability, it is appropriate to offer to shake hands. People with limited hand use or who wear an artificial limb can usually shake hands. Shaking the left hand is OK as well.

4. When meeting a person, who is blind or has partial sight, always identify yourself and others who may be with you. When conversing in a group, remember to identify the person to whom you are speaking. Remember, just because the person is blind or has low vision it does not mean they have a hearing impairment, so don’t shout.

5. If you offer assistance, wait for the offer to be accepted. Then ask/listen for instructions.

6. Treat people as people. Use first names only if appropriate and do not pat people on the head or shoulder. Avoid that “sing-songy” tone of voice often used with children and puppies.

7. Leaning or hanging on a person’s wheelchair is invading their personal body space. Avoid this unless you have permission.

8. Listen carefully when conversing with a person who has difficulty speaking. Do not interrupt or correct the person. Ask short questions that require short answers. Do not pretend you understand if you do not, repeat what the person has said and allow the person to respond. Do not be afraid to say you do not understand.

9. When speaking to a person, who uses a chair or crutches, place yourself at their eye level. Be aware not all people are alike and some folks are uncomfortable with this.

10. To get the attention of a person who is deaf or hard of hearing, tap them gently on the shoulder or wave your hand. Look the person in the face and speak clearly so they can read your lips. (Remember that not all people read lips.) Avoid putting food or cigarettes near your mouth.

This document is adapted as a public service from many sources by United Cerebral Palsy Associations, Inc.